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2021-03-02 Republicans Put “At A Competitive Disadvantage”!!

I was watching the PBS Newshour this evening and they showed parts of the Supreme Court’s telephone hearing with the lawyers for the appellants in this suit about voting rights in Arizona. My jaw dropped to the ground when the Republican’s lawyer replied to Coney Barrett’s question. He said, “Because it puts Republicans at a competitive disadvantage.”

Here is a short article about this hearing.

https://www.motherjones.com/mojo-wire/2021/03/gop-lawyer-says-the-quiet-part-out-loud-in-scotus-voting-rights-case/

So basically the Republicans found that giving minorities unrestricted voting at the multi-precinct site or wrong precinct put them at a competitive disadvantage!

To remove this disadvantage the Republicans passed a law that disqualified a ballot cast in the wrong precinct. Before the law the voter would be able to vote out-of-precinct with a special ballot. This was consistent with the Voting Rights Act that is supposed to promote voting equality for all citizens regardless of who they are. Republicans have found that people of color vote more for Democrats and less for Republicans. So in order to tilt the playing field in their favor the Republicans have passed laws that make it more difficult for people of color to vote!! This is the opposite of what they _should_ be doing, which is to find out what causes the people to vote more for Democrats and then make changes to the Republican Party to regain the lost voters.

In the 60s the Voting Rights Act was passed (with full bipartisan support) to overcome the highly discriminatory laws that were passed in the southern states, such as literacy tests in order to vote. The states where there were widespread discrimination were put in a compliance list that was to be monitored by the Federal Election Commission to make sure they didn’t break the voting rights laws. But in Shelby County v. Holder the Supreme Court declared that Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 is unconstitutional.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelby_County_v._Holder

The 15th Amendment bans voting restrictions on the basis of race or color. Still somehow the states passed laws that do effectively discriminate indirectly, such as this Arizona law that disqualifies voting out of precinct.

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Addendum Mar 4 – I heard more about voting access today on PBS Newshour. The Republicans in most state legislatures are introducing bills that restrict voting by requiring voter identification. They are using Trump’s false claim that the election was fraudulent to make it more difficult for voters to vote by requiring an ID. Many people of color do not have a valid ID, like a driver’s license or state ID, even though they are a legal citizen. This affects the poorest parts of the states and country. This is another attempt by the Republicans to tilt the playing field in their favor.

The special runoff election in Georgia where two Democrats won showed that the election could be influenced by the very large amount of money spent by the Democratic and Republican Parties. I found this quote:

<< David Lauter of the Los Angeles Times wrote the following on December 25:[29]

This week, alone, more than $87 million has been spent or booked in television, radio and digital ads in the state, according to AdImpact, a firm that tracks ad spending. That’s more than most Senate campaigns spend in an entire year. All told, some $365 million already has been spent for advertising in the two races, with another $110 million already booked, AdImpact’s figures show.

Control of the Senate rides on the outcome of the two races, and with it a large part of President-elect Joe Biden’s agenda.

That prospect has driven the huge outpouring of contributions, including large sums to four political committees controlled by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky. The four groups have spent or booked more than $132 million in advertising in support of the Republican candidates. That spending has given the Republicans an advantage in the ad wars.

While outside Democratic groups are spending less than their Republican counterparts, they have still raised considerable sums. Fair Fight, founded by Stacey Abrams, the former Democratic candidate for governor in Georgia, reported raising $22 million, with most of it being spent on voter turnout operations. Two groups controlled by Senate Democratic Leader Charles Schumer of New York have spent or booked roughly $30 million in advertising. >>

So hundreds of millions have been spent in these two Georgia senate seats. The two Democrats won both seats. It said that Fair Fight spent most of $22 million on voter turnout. Apparently this was effective in getting the voters of color to go vote.

I’m pointing this out: that money talks and the Democrats will have to beat the Republicans at their own game by raising money to be spent on voter turnout. This seems to be the best way of leveling the playing field.

However HR1 has been passed by the House. This has to be passed by the Senate.

HR1 requires that districts be reapportioned by an independent commission. The Republicans have used gerrymandering to give them a political advantage.

HR1

Heard on Sunday Morning 6:30 AM, Mar 7, 2021 article about the Oathkeepers

“When the RaHoWa…” = Racial Holy Wars

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2021-03-02 Space Shuttle Was Not Analog

From comment

Others are saying that this is analog. But even before the Shuttles the Apollo used a digital computer for guidance. I’m sure that in the years after the Apollos, they had even more digital equipment. And the analog days of the early 60s and before were mostly gone by this time. The major advancements in digital technologies were made by the NASA space programs.

All the switches, indicators and meters were for the highly trained astronauts to diagnose problems and override the digital systems. It was later that the switches and indicators were moved to buttons and annunciators on a touch screen. That’s when the software glitches like the 737 Max crept in.

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2021-03-02 Service Providers Have 100 Mb/s Or More??

From my comment

All you subscribers who think you’re getting over 100 Mb/s on your service — all are getting fooled. You may be getting more than 100 Mb from your home to the nearest concentration point. But as soon as your bitstream has to compete with many others then you can’t get your full speed. Say for example your 100 Mb gets mixed in with 100 others, that’s 10,000 Mb and that’s as much as most fiber backbone connections can handle. But you and 99 other neighbors are competing with tens of thousands of others all over the state and millions of others in the country. So you see how you’re not going to get the full speed that service providers claim.

I see this daily when I watch a low resolution video on YouTube and I get the spinning bagel waiting for the video to make it through the congestion. Another way that YouTube tries to get through the congestion is to lower the resolution. I start out watching at 720 but the congestion forces YouTube to drop resolution to 480 or even lower – 360 or 240, which is very poor – just fuzzy.

The system kind of works by depending that only a fraction of the viewers are streaming videos. But more and more viewers are loading down the system and it’s more likely there will be congestion and it’s less and less likely that they will get full speed. And it’s getting just slower and slower and more overloaded.

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2021-03-01 Nowhere Near Keeping Below The 1.5 Degree C Goal

UN FCCC report says.

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2269432-we-are-nowhere-near-keeping-warming-below-1-5c-despite-climate-plans/

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2021-02-28 3 kW Solar + LiFe Battery For Under $3000

This is the kind of setup I would like to have. I would use it to run my heat pump / air conditioner and maybe a few other things like the microwave oven. And it would be used for charging my EV when it’s at home.

The two solar PV panels are 800 watts total. The controller is good for up to 3000 watts.

The batteries are good for >3000 cycles so that would be for ten years or more.

https://youtube.com/shorts/ArI4TXXa7fc

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2021-02-28 HR-1 Voting Rights Bill

An article about a high priority bill the Democrats introduced. A “sweeping overhaul of ethics and election laws.” What is now the “Democrat Politician Protection Act” according to Mitch McConnell, would have been a bipartisan bill 50 years ago. The Republicans stopped supporting voting rights because the voting rights made it less restrictive and easier for minorities to vote, and Republicans believe that minorities mostly vote for democratic candidates. Gee, I can’t imagine why. If the Republicans were more for representing their constituents and less about ignoring them in favor of big business, there would be more people of color voting for them.

https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-stacey-abrams-voting-legislation-voting-rights-3da57127fe8ed4f7b22a6fe02c4a04b3

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2021-02-27 Heat Pumps Save Money

From Gates p.154

<< How much money can a heat pump save you? Here are a few examples of the savings on new construction in cities around the US. [Chart of four US cities, with an average saving of 22%] You won’t save as much if you’re retro fitting and existing home, but switching to a heat pump is still less expensive in most cities. In Houston, for example, doing this will save you 17 percent. In Chicago your cost will actually go up 6% because natural gas there is unusually cheap. And some older homes is simply not practical to find space for new equipment, so you might not be able to upgrade at all.

Still, these negative green premiums raise an obvious question: If heat pumps are such a great deal, why are they in only 11% of American homes?

Partly it’s because we replace our furnaces only every decade or so, and most people don’t have enough extra cash on hand to simply replace a perfectly good furnace with a heat pump.

But there’s another explanation as well: outdated government policies. Since the energy crisis of the 1970s, we’ve been trying to cut down on energy use, and so state governments created various incentives to favor natural gas furnaces and water heaters over less efficient electric ones. Some modified their building codes to make it harder for homeowners to replace their gas appliances with electric alternatives. Many of these policies that prize efficiency over emissions are still on the books, restricting your ability to lower your emissions by swapping out a gas-burning furnace for an electric heat pump even if doing this would save you money.

This is frustrating in that familiar “regulations really can be dumb” way. But if you look at it from a different angle, it’s good news. It means we don’t need some additional technological breakthrough to reduce our emissions in this area, beyond decarbonizing our power grid. The electric option already exists, it’s widely available, and it isn’t merely price competitive—it’s actually cheaper. We just need to make sure our government policies keep up with the times.

Unfortunately, although it’s technically possible to zero out heating emissions by going electric, it won’t happen quickly. Even if we fixed the self-defeating regulations I mentioned, it’s not realistic to think we’ll simply rip out all our gas furnaces and water heaters and replace them with electric ones overnight, any more than we’re suddenly going to run the world’s fleet of passenger cars on electricity. Given how long today’s furnaces last, if we had a goal of getting rid of all the gas-powered ones by mid-century, we’d have to stop selling them by 2035. Today around half of all furnaces sold in the United States run on gas; worldwide, fossil fuels provide six times more energy for heating than electricity does.

To me, that’s another argument for why we need advanced bio fuels and electrofuels like the ones I mentioned in chapter 7 — ones that can be run in the furnaces and water heaters we have today, without modification, and that don’t add more carbon to the atmosphere. But right now both options carry a hefty green premium:

[Chart of heating oil & natural gas vs. biofuels and electrofuels; 142% or 425% more for natural gas.]

Clearly we need to drive down the price of these alternative fuels, as I argued in chapter 7. And there are other steps we can take to decarbonize our heating systems:

Electrify as much as we can, getting rid of gas powered furnaces and water heaters and replacing them with electric heat pumps. In some regions, governments will have to update their policies to allow – and encourage – these upgrades.

Decarbonize the power grid by deploying today’s clean sources where they make sense investing in breakthroughs for generating, storing, and transmitting power.

Use energy more efficiently. This may seem like a contradiction, because just a few paragraphs ago I complained about policies that price higher efficiency over lower emissions the truth is, we need both.

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2021-02-27 Carbon Footprints Of 20 Billionaires

This article gives the carbon footprint of 20 billionaires. Their estimate for Gates is far too high because he doesn’t use regular jet fuel, he uses biofuel, which makes most of his carbon footprint zero.

https://theconversation.com/private-planes-mansions-and-superyachts-what-gives-billionaires-like-musk-and-abramovich-such-a-massive-carbon-footprint-152514

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2021-02-26 Trains – Electric Or Synfuel

First a bit of train history.

Trains carry a lot of heavy and bulky goods for long distances. Now almost all trains use diesel engines for propulsion. But in the past most trains were electric and driven by overhead wires, the train used no fuel. The electricity could be from any source including hydropower.

I was in Germany in 1969 and they used electric trains with old coal burning locomotives for supplemental power. The diesel locomotives were not that common. That may have changed since then.

The Los Angeles metro area had a very good electric mass transportation system up until the 1960s when the system was dismantled.

The system worked then; why can’t it work now?

Constraints

In his book, Gates lumps trains in with planes and ships, probably because they’re heavy transportation. Airplanes have severe weight restrictions on them. But trains do not have such restrictions, and ships to an even lesser extent. A train has to accelerate and decelerate but the weight of each freight car is heavy. The rolling resistance of the steel wheels is low so the locomotive can pull a lot of cars with several thousand horsepower.

Another limit on trains is they can go only where the train tracks are. This also helps because the tracks are far fewer than roads or highways. The trains in some cities were powered by electricity and there is no reason why they can’t be changed back. The costs are not excessive. One has to determine if it is more economical to run electric lines overhead or if the trains should be required to run on biodiesel. It’s possible that both of these may be used.

Train cars have wheel brakes that are controlled by air pressure. The locomotive controls the air pressure and so controls the brakes.

My idea is to use electricity to control the starting and stopping. The locomotive could use KERS (kinetic energy recovery system) to slow down the train. The freight cars would have motor-generators on the wheels and they would generate electricity to slow down the car. Then the recovered energy would be used to restart the stopped train.

The freight cars have roofs with an area big enough to mount solar panels. Some energy could be recovered and used for propulsion. But much of the energy could come from an overhead line.

The area that has the biggest potential for technological advancement is the automation of the train system. With a track that limits the train to where it can go, the main action that needs to be automated is the stopping, starting and speed of the train. The safety of everything around the train is also automated like it would be with a full self driving car. If the cars communicate with each other and the locomotives then the cars could be made to propel themselves. The system could be automated to where the cars would self assemble and travel to a remote point where they would split off to individual destinations.

Many of the semi-autonomous activities that would be needed are already being used in other vehicles. But the most important thing is to electrify the trains and eliminate fossil fuels.

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2021-02-26 Nuclear VS Coal — Deaths

@fact not fiction
It’s fundamentally unfair to claim that more people die of air pollution (in a given time) from coal power plants than have died in all nuclear accidents. The *direct* deaths of nuclear power are being compared to the *indirect* deaths caused by air pollution. What must be compared is the direct deaths of nuclear vs the direct deaths caused by coal (which is much, much lower than air pollution). Or compare the indirect deaths of nuclear power to the indirect deaths of coal burning, e.g. air pollution.

Air pollution can be seen and anyone who is concerned about it can avoid it by staying inside or wear an air filter mask.

Nuclear radiation is insidious and is in every living thing. The teeth of animals can be used to determine the age because the radionuclides were replacing the calcium not long after the first atomic bombs were tested and their fallout was released into the atmosphere, to be blown all over the Earth and end up in the cow’s milk, which was consumed by everyone. You like radioactive cheese or yogurt? The same radionuclides were released after the accidents in the nuclear power plants.

There are statistics for the morbidity and mortality of these radionuclides just like for air pollution. These must also be counted in the death toll just like with air pollution. Fair is fair!

The company that is cleaning up Fukushima Daiichi is drilling holes in the ground around the power plants and freezing the ground to form an ice barrier around it to prevent radioactive water from going into the land and sea. They’re not doing this for no reason! They’re trying to stop radioactive contamination from leaving the area and going into the environment. This cleanup is costing hundreds of billions of dollars US.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushima_disaster_cleanup

Quote from comment to Undecided’s YouTube video about SMR reactors – the links give statistics.

<< fact not fiction

@CubbyTech Thousands did not die from the accidents at Chernobyl and Fukushima.

Chernobyl No. 4 accident

* 62 dead (47 from ARS, ~30 immediately the rest in 6 months and 15 from thyroid cancer)

* 4-9000 will have shorter lives (not dead, but will die earlier) – UNSCEAR report * 11,000 total cancers predicted – IARC report

* 1800 diagnosed with thyroid cancer (but living, and will likely live fairly normal lifespans) ** data unclear on how many cases due to the accident, vs background

* incidence of eye cataracts in liquidators is slightly higher than background population

At this point in 2020, 34 years have passed since the 1986 Chernobyl disaster – at this point all radioactive iodine is gone, and cesium-137, strontium-90, etc, are halved (i.e. one half-life for these isotopes is over).

If there are more dead or sick people – then there should be more death certificates, more graves, and higher incidences of cancer diagnoses, etc – and there are not

Fukushima Daiichi accident

* 2 workers drowned in tsunami

* 573-2000 died in pointless evacuation

http://www.unscear.org/

https://www.iarc.fr/media-centre/media-centre-iarc-news-chernobyl-30years/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582017300782

https://ourworldindata.org/what-was-the-death-toll -from-chernobyl-and-fukushima

These accidents were tragic, but still:

https://ourworldindata.org/safest-sources of-energy
>>

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